Grid Interconnection & Transformers
The multi-year queue between a finished building and its first watt.
You're looking at a technology record: a building block of AI hardware — what it does, who makes it, and which chips and systems use it.
Connecting a campus means substations, switchgear and large power transformers — equipment with lead times that stretched to 3–5 years — plus an interconnection study queue that in ERCOT and PJM contains hundreds of gigawatts of requested data-center load. This unglamorous layer, more than chips, sets the pace of the build-out.
How this connects to the rest of the stack
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Sources
LBNL interconnection queue research ↗
Record reviewed as of 2026-01-15 — see Methodology.