Field notes
Hardware gets the headlines, but software is where the lock-in lives. One platform here is old enough to vote and still decides which chips people buy; the youngest entries are barely two years old and already load-bearing for the agent era.
Start with these three
CU
CUDA
Two decades of libraries — the deepest moat in technology.
VL
vLLM
The open engine that serves a huge share of the world's tokens.
MC
Model Context Protocol (MCP)
The agent era's universal port, adopted industry-wide within a year.
Compute platforms & kernels
5
CU
CUDA
NVIDIA's programming platform — the deepest moat in the industry.
NC
NCCL
The collective-communications library every distributed training run calls.
RO
ROCm
AMD's open-source answer to CUDA — the gap that narrowed at last.
T(
Triton (OpenAI)
Python-level GPU kernels — the community's crowbar under the CUDA moat.
X/
XLA / OpenXLA
The compiler that makes TPUs programmable — now an open project.
Training frameworks
5
PY
PyTorch
The framework nearly every modern model is written in.
DE
DeepSpeed
Microsoft's scaling toolkit — ZeRO sharding made huge models trainable.
JAX
Composable function transforms — the framework Gemini is built with.
MC
Megatron-Core
NVIDIA's reference recipe for trillion-parameter training.
TensorFlow
The 2015 giant that industrialized deep learning — now in JAX's shadow.
JAX
Composable function transforms — the framework Gemini is built with.
MC
Megatron-Core
NVIDIA's reference recipe for trillion-parameter training.
TensorFlow
The 2015 giant that industrialized deep learning — now in JAX's shadow.
Inference & serving
6
VL
vLLM
The open-source serving engine that made GPU inference efficient.
OR
ONNX Runtime
The portable format for shipping models across hardware.
OL
Ollama
One command to run an open model locally.
SG
SGLang
The high-performance serving runtime born from RadixAttention research.
TL
TensorRT-LLM & Dynamo
NVIDIA's tuned inference stack — peak tokens from its own silicon.
LL
llama.cpp
The C++ project that put LLMs on laptops — and invented GGUF.
Orchestration & cluster management
3
Kubernetes
The cloud's operating system, retrofitted for GPUs.
RA
Ray
Distributed Python for the whole ML pipeline — Anyscale's engine.
SL
Slurm
The HPC batch scheduler most big training runs still queue through.
Libraries, tooling & the agent layer
4
MC
Model Context Protocol (MCP)
The open standard connecting AI models to tools and data — USB-C for agents.
HF
Hugging Face Transformers
The library that standardized how models are shared and loaded.
L&
LangChain & LangGraph
The scaffolding layer of the agent era.
W&
Weights & Biases
Experiment tracking for the training runs on this site — now CoreWeave-owned.