The Turing Test ☆

Turing proposed conversation indistinguishability as a practical stand-in for 'can machines think.' Modern chatbots pass controlled imitation-game studies (a 2025 UCSD preprint reported GPT-4.5-class models judged human more often than humans), yet the milestone landed without ceremony — the field had already moved its goalposts to reasoning benchmarks, and philosophers note passing says more about human judges than machine minds.